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Steady State theory
In cosmology, the Steady State theory is a generally discredited expanding universe model alternative to the Big Bang theory of the universe and its origin. In steady state views, new matter is continuously created as the universe expands, thus adhering to the perfect cosmological principle (the principle that the observable universe is basically the same in any time as well as any place).
While the steady state model enjoyed some popularity in the mid-20th century, it is now rejected by the vast majority of cosmologists, astrophysicists and astronomers, as the observational evidence points to a hot Big Bang cosmology with a finite age of the universe, which the Steady State theory does not predict.
==History==
Cosmological expansion was originally discovered through observations by Edwin Hubble. Theoretical calculations also showed that a static universe was impossible under general relativity. The modern Big Bang theory is one in which the universe has a finite age and has evolved over time through cooling, expansion, and the formation of structures through gravitational collapse.
The steady state theory asserts that although the universe is expanding, it nevertheless does not change its appearance over time (the perfect cosmological principle); the universe has no beginning and no end. This requires that matter be continually created in order to keep the universe's density from decreasing. Influential papers on steady state cosmologies were published by Bondi, Gold, and Hoyle in 1948.〔Bondi and Gold, "The Steady-State Theory of the Expanding Universe," MNRAS 108 (1948) 252. 〕〔Hoyle, "A New Model for the Expanding Universe," MNRAS 108 (1948) 372. 〕
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